Answer in brief
CVE-2025-38591 records a Medium severity (CVSS 5.5) vulnerability in bpf: Reject narrower access to pointer ctx fields. The current sources do not mark it as known exploited. The current feed maps Linux/Linux (generic), Linux/Linux (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (generic) and additional mapped packages. Check affected ranges and fixed versions before updating.
Analysis pending evidence review
HOL Guard separates source facts from reviewed analysis. See the methodology.
Answer in brief
CVE-2025-38591 records a Medium severity (CVSS 5.5) vulnerability in bpf: Reject narrower access to pointer ctx fields. The current sources do not mark it as known exploited. The current feed maps Linux/Linux (generic), Linux/Linux (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (generic) and additional mapped packages. Check affected ranges and fixed versions before updating.
Analysis pending evidence review
HOL Guard separates source facts from reviewed analysis. See the methodology.
CVSS is 5.5. The current sources do not mark it as known exploited. Treat this as a source-backed prioritization signal, not a statement about your environment.
Analysis status
Analysis pending evidence review
Factual feed record only; HOL analysis is not approved for indexing. Read the methodology.
The current feed maps Linux/Linux (generic), Linux/Linux (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (generic) and additional mapped packages. Check affected ranges and fixed versions before updating.
| Package | Affected range | Fixed version |
|---|---|---|
| Linux/Linuxgeneric | >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <7847c4140e06f6e87229faae22cc38525334c156 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <feae34c992eb7191862fb1594c704fbbf650fef8 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <33660d44e789edb4f303210c813fc56d56377a90 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <058a0da4f6d916a79b693384111bb80a90d73763 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <202900ceeef67458c964c2af6e1427c8e533ea7c || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <e09299225d5ba3916c91ef70565f7d2187e4cca0 | 7847c4140e06f6e87229faae22cc38525334c156, feae34c992eb7191862fb1594c704fbbf650fef8, 33660d44e789edb4f303210c813fc56d56377a90, 058a0da4f6d916a79b693384111bb80a90d73763, 202900ceeef67458c964c2af6e1427c8e533ea7c, e09299225d5ba3916c91ef70565f7d2187e4cca0 |
| Linux/Linuxgeneric | 4.13 | Not reported |
| Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPgeneric | >=V3.1.6 <* | * |
| Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFPgeneric | >=V3.1.6 <* | * |
| Siemens/SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPgeneric | >=V3.1.6 <* | * |
Published upstream
Aug 19, 2025
Evidence: source:cvelist:source_dates:source-dates:recordSource modified
Jul 14, 2026
Evidence: source:cvelist:source_dates:source-dates:recordFirst seen by HOL
Jul 14, 2026
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject narrower access to pointer ctx fields The following BPF program, simplified from a syzkaller repro, causes a kernel warning: r0 = *(u8 *)(r1 + 169); exit; With pointer field sk being at offset 168 in __sk_buff. This access is detected as a narrower read in bpf_skb_is_valid_access because it doesn't match offsetof(struct __sk_buff, sk). It is therefore allowed and later proceeds to bpf_convert_ctx_access. Note that for the "is_narrower_load" case in the convert_ctx_accesses(), the insn->off is aligned, so the cnt may not be 0 because it matches the offsetof(struct __sk_buff, sk) in the bpf_convert_ctx_access. However, the target_size stays 0 and the verifier errors with a kernel warning: verifier bug: error during ctx access conversion(1) This patch fixes that to return a proper "invalid bpf_context access off=X size=Y" error on the load instruction. The same issue affects multiple other fields in context structures that allow narrow access. Some other non-affected fields (for sk_msg, sk_lookup, and sockopt) were also changed to use bpf_ctx_range_ptr for consistency. Note this syzkaller crash was reported in the "Closes" link below, which used to be about a different bug, fixed in commit fce7bd8e385a ("bpf/verifier: Handle BPF_LOAD_ACQ instructions in insn_def_regno()"). Because syzbot somehow confused the two bugs, the new crash and repro didn't get reported to the mailing list.
Quoted source text, attributed separately from HOL analysis.
CVSS is 5.5. The current sources do not mark it as known exploited. Treat this as a source-backed prioritization signal, not a statement about your environment.
Analysis status
Analysis pending evidence review
Factual feed record only; HOL analysis is not approved for indexing. Read the methodology.
The current feed maps Linux/Linux (generic), Linux/Linux (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (generic), Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (generic) and additional mapped packages. Check affected ranges and fixed versions before updating.
| Package | Affected range | Fixed version |
|---|---|---|
| Linux/Linuxgeneric | >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <7847c4140e06f6e87229faae22cc38525334c156 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <feae34c992eb7191862fb1594c704fbbf650fef8 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <33660d44e789edb4f303210c813fc56d56377a90 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <058a0da4f6d916a79b693384111bb80a90d73763 || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <202900ceeef67458c964c2af6e1427c8e533ea7c || >=f96da09473b52c09125cc9bf7d7d4576ae8229e0 <e09299225d5ba3916c91ef70565f7d2187e4cca0 | 7847c4140e06f6e87229faae22cc38525334c156, feae34c992eb7191862fb1594c704fbbf650fef8, 33660d44e789edb4f303210c813fc56d56377a90, 058a0da4f6d916a79b693384111bb80a90d73763, 202900ceeef67458c964c2af6e1427c8e533ea7c, e09299225d5ba3916c91ef70565f7d2187e4cca0 |
| Linux/Linuxgeneric | 4.13 | Not reported |
| Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPgeneric | >=V3.1.6 <* | * |
| Siemens/SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFPgeneric | >=V3.1.6 <* | * |
| Siemens/SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPgeneric | >=V3.1.6 <* | * |
Published upstream
Aug 19, 2025
Evidence: source:cvelist:source_dates:source-dates:recordSource modified
Jul 14, 2026
Evidence: source:cvelist:source_dates:source-dates:recordFirst seen by HOL
Jul 14, 2026
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject narrower access to pointer ctx fields The following BPF program, simplified from a syzkaller repro, causes a kernel warning: r0 = *(u8 *)(r1 + 169); exit; With pointer field sk being at offset 168 in __sk_buff. This access is detected as a narrower read in bpf_skb_is_valid_access because it doesn't match offsetof(struct __sk_buff, sk). It is therefore allowed and later proceeds to bpf_convert_ctx_access. Note that for the "is_narrower_load" case in the convert_ctx_accesses(), the insn->off is aligned, so the cnt may not be 0 because it matches the offsetof(struct __sk_buff, sk) in the bpf_convert_ctx_access. However, the target_size stays 0 and the verifier errors with a kernel warning: verifier bug: error during ctx access conversion(1) This patch fixes that to return a proper "invalid bpf_context access off=X size=Y" error on the load instruction. The same issue affects multiple other fields in context structures that allow narrow access. Some other non-affected fields (for sk_msg, sk_lookup, and sockopt) were also changed to use bpf_ctx_range_ptr for consistency. Note this syzkaller crash was reported in the "Closes" link below, which used to be about a different bug, fixed in commit fce7bd8e385a ("bpf/verifier: Handle BPF_LOAD_ACQ instructions in insn_def_regno()"). Because syzbot somehow confused the two bugs, the new crash and repro didn't get reported to the mailing list.
Quoted source text, attributed separately from HOL analysis.