undici vulnerable to cross-user information disclosure and parse-time crash via degenerate private cache directivesCVE-2026-13697

### Summary Two issues in undici's cache interceptor, both fixed by the same patch on `lib/util/cache.js`: 1. **Shared-cache disclosure:** Responses with malformed qualified `Cache-Control: private` directives such as `private=""` or `private=","` can be incorrectly stored in the default shared cache, then served to a later caller with the same cache key. 2. **Parse-time crash:** Mixed unqualified-and-qualified `private` directives in the same header (such as `public, max-age=60, private, private="hdr"`) cause an uncaught `TypeError` in the cache-control parser, terminating the request. ### Impact #### Shared-cache disclosure Applications using `interceptors.cache()` in shared mode may cache a user-specific response and serve it to a later caller with the same cache key. This can disclose private response bodies and headers, including `Set-Cookie`. Required conditions: - the cache interceptor is enabled in shared mode, including the default configuration; - an upstream returns a malformed directive such as `Cache-Control: public, max-age=300, private=""`; - another request later matches the same cache key, without a separating `Vary` header. #### Parse-time crash Applications using `interceptors.cache()` against an upstream that returns a `Cache-Control` header combining unqualified `private` with qualified `private="..."` see an uncaught `TypeError: output.private.concat is not a function` during response handling. The request rejects; depending on the consumer's error handling, the process may exit. ### Details `private=""` is parsed as `{ private: [''] }`. The shared-cache guard only rejects `private === true`, so the response can be stored. When served from cache, the previous user's body and headers may be returned to a different user. For the crash variant, an unqualified `private` directive sets `output.private = true`, then a subsequent qualified `private="hdr"` directive attempts `output.private.concat(['hdr'])`, which throws because boolean has no `concat` method. The patch routes the qualified-directive path through a shared helper that normalizes empty-after-trim arrays to `true` and preserves existing `true` values, closing both vectors. ### Patches Upgrade to `undici` 7.29.0 or 8.9.0. Both releases fix the qualified `private` directive handling that caused the shared-cache storage and the parser crash. ### Workarounds Until patched, avoid shared `interceptors.cache()` for user-specific responses, use `type: 'private'`, or disable caching for affected origins. ### Credit Disclosure variant reported by @h0rk1p via HackerOne report [#3817497](https://hackerone.com/reports/3817497).

Quoted source text, attributed separately from HOL analysis.